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1 Caudium
Caudium, ii, n., a small but ancient city of Samnium, near Benevento, celebrated for the narrow mountain pass (the Furculae Caudinae) where the Roman army was shut in by the Samnites, Liv. 9, 2, 1 sq.; Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109.—Hence,II.Caudīnus, a, um, adj., of Caudium, Caudine: Furculae Caudinae, the Caudine Forks, now Casale di Forchia (al. Forchia d ' Arpaia), Liv. 9, 2, 6; 9, 11, 3; Flor. 1, 16, 9.—The same called Furcae Caudinae, Luc. 2, 137;and Caudinae Fauces,
Sil. 8, 566; Col. 10, 132:saltus,
Liv. 9, 7, 5:proelium,
Cic. Sen. 12, 41:clades,
Liv. 9, 16, 2:legiones,
id. 25, 6, 12:jugum,
Quint. 3, 8, 3:pax,
Liv. 9, 7, 4:foedus,
Flor. 2, 18, 7:Samnites,
Liv. 23, 41, 13.— Subst.: Caudīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Caudium, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 105. -
2 furca
furca, ae, f. [Sanscr. bhur-ig, shears; cf. Lat. forceps, forfex; also Gr. pharos, plough; Lat. forāre;I.Engl. bore,
Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 299; but Corss. refers furca to root dhar-,=fero, as a prop. support; v. Ausspr. 1, 149], a two-pronged fork.Lit.:II.exacuunt alii vallos furcasque bicornes,
Verg. G. 1, 264:valentes,
id. ib. 2, 359:furcis detrudi,
Liv. 28, 3, 7; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 11, 2. —Prov.: naturam expellas furcā, tamen usque recurret, with might and main, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24 (v. furcilla).—Transf., of things shaped like a fork.A.A forkshaped prop, pole, or stake, for carrying burdens on the back or shoulder, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 2;B.for supporting the seats of a theatre,
Liv. 1, 35, 9;for a vine,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 32;for fishing-nets,
id. 9, 8, 9, § 31;for the gable of a house,
Ov. M. 8, 700; a frame on which meat was suspended in the chimney, id. ib. 8, 648.—An instrument of punishment in the form of a fork (V or II), which was placed on the culprit's neck, while his hands were fastened to the two ends, a yoke (cf.: crux, gabalus, patibulum; hence, furcifer): To. Satis sumpsimus jam supplici. Do. Fateor, manus vobis do. To. Post dabis sub furcis, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 71:C.canem et furcam ferre,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 37:servus per circum, cum virgis caederetur, furcam ferens ductus est,
Cic. Div. 1, 26, 55:servus sub furca caesus,
Liv. 2, 36, 1 Drak.; Val. Max. 1, 7, 4; Lact. 2, 7, 20:sub furca vinctus inter verbera et cruciatus,
Liv. 1, 26, 10:cervicem inserere furcae,
Suet. Ner. 49; Eutr. 7, 5; Prud. steph. 10, 851.—Hence poet. to designate the worst condition of slavery:ibis sub furcam prudens,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 66.—A fork-shaped gallows:D.aliquem furcā figere,
Dig. 48, 19, 28 fin.:furcae subicere,
ib. 9:in furcam tollere,
ib. 38:in furcam suspendere,
ib. 13, 6:in furcam damnare,
ib. 49, 16, 3:canes vivi in furca, sambucea arbore fixi,
Plin. 29. 4, 14, § 57.—A fork-shaped yoke in which young bullocks were put to be tamed, Varr. R. R. 1, 20, 2.—E.Furcae cancrorum, the claws of a crab, App. Mag. p. 297. —F.Furcae Caudinae, the narrow pass of Caudium, the Caudine Forks, usually called Furculae Caudinae (v. furcula, II. and Caudium), Val. Max. 5, 1, 5 ext.; 7, 2, 17 ext. -
3 Caudini
Caudium, ii, n., a small but ancient city of Samnium, near Benevento, celebrated for the narrow mountain pass (the Furculae Caudinae) where the Roman army was shut in by the Samnites, Liv. 9, 2, 1 sq.; Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109.—Hence,II.Caudīnus, a, um, adj., of Caudium, Caudine: Furculae Caudinae, the Caudine Forks, now Casale di Forchia (al. Forchia d ' Arpaia), Liv. 9, 2, 6; 9, 11, 3; Flor. 1, 16, 9.—The same called Furcae Caudinae, Luc. 2, 137;and Caudinae Fauces,
Sil. 8, 566; Col. 10, 132:saltus,
Liv. 9, 7, 5:proelium,
Cic. Sen. 12, 41:clades,
Liv. 9, 16, 2:legiones,
id. 25, 6, 12:jugum,
Quint. 3, 8, 3:pax,
Liv. 9, 7, 4:foedus,
Flor. 2, 18, 7:Samnites,
Liv. 23, 41, 13.— Subst.: Caudīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Caudium, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 105. -
4 Caudinus
Caudium, ii, n., a small but ancient city of Samnium, near Benevento, celebrated for the narrow mountain pass (the Furculae Caudinae) where the Roman army was shut in by the Samnites, Liv. 9, 2, 1 sq.; Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109.—Hence,II.Caudīnus, a, um, adj., of Caudium, Caudine: Furculae Caudinae, the Caudine Forks, now Casale di Forchia (al. Forchia d ' Arpaia), Liv. 9, 2, 6; 9, 11, 3; Flor. 1, 16, 9.—The same called Furcae Caudinae, Luc. 2, 137;and Caudinae Fauces,
Sil. 8, 566; Col. 10, 132:saltus,
Liv. 9, 7, 5:proelium,
Cic. Sen. 12, 41:clades,
Liv. 9, 16, 2:legiones,
id. 25, 6, 12:jugum,
Quint. 3, 8, 3:pax,
Liv. 9, 7, 4:foedus,
Flor. 2, 18, 7:Samnites,
Liv. 23, 41, 13.— Subst.: Caudīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Caudium, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 105.
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